One: what is a pump?
- Pump is mainly used to transport water, oil, acid and alkali liquid, emulsion, suspension emulsion and liquid metal and other liquids, gear pump can also transport liquid, gas mixture and liquid containing suspended solids.
- Pumps can usually be divided into positive displacement pumps, power pumps and other types of pumps according to the working principle.
Submersible pumps in addition to the working principle of classification, but also according to other methods of classification and naming.
For example, according to the driving method can be divided into electric pump and hydraulic pump; According to the structure can be divided into single stage pump and multistage pump; According to the use can be divided into boiler feed water pump and metering pump; According to the nature of the liquid can be divided into water pumps, oil pumps and mud pumps. - There is a certain interdependence between the various performance parameters of the pump, can be drawn into a curve to represent, called the characteristic curve of the pump, each pump has its own specific characteristic curve. Pump is to transport liquid or pressurized liquid machinery. It will prime mover mechanical energy or other external energy to the liquid, so that the liquid energy increases.
Definitions and historical sources of pumps
A machine for conveying or pressurizing liquids. In the broad sense of the pump is the transmission of fluid or pressurized machinery, including some of the transmission of gas machinery. Pump prime mover mechanical energy or other energy to the liquid, so that the liquid energy increase.
The ascension of water is essential to human life and production. Ancient for various water apparatus, such as Egypt's chain pump (17th century), China's shadoof (17th century), jigger (11th century), the water wheel (the 1st century AD), as well as the invention of the third century BC in ancient Greece Archimedes screw, etc.
Around 200 BC, the ancient Greek craftsman Ktesibius invented the most primitive piston pump - fire pump. As early as 1588, there was a record of a 4-vane vane pump, followed by a variety of other rotary pumps. In 1689, French D. Papin invented the volute centrifugal pump with 4 blade impeller. In 1818, the United States appeared with radial straight blades, half open double suction impeller and volute centrifugal pump.
1840-1850, THE United States H.R. Worthington invented the pump cylinder and steam cylinder opposed to the direct action of the steam piston pump, marking the formation of modern piston pump.
From 1851 to 1875, multistage magnetic drive pumps with guide vanes were invented successively, making it possible to develop high-lift centrifugal pumps. Subsequently, various pumps came out one after another. With the application of various advanced technologies, the efficiency of the pump is gradually improved, and the range of performance and application are also increasingly expanded.
Three, the classification of pumps
There are many kinds of pumps, which can be divided into:
(1) power pump, also called impeller pump or pump, fire pump impeller on spin dynamic action of liquid, submerged pump continuously the energy transmitted to the liquid, the liquid kinetic energy (mainly) and pressure will increase, then through the pressure out of the room can converts kinetic energy into pressure, can divide again for centrifugal pump, axial flow pump, partial emission pump and vortex pump, etc.
(2) positive displacement pump, relying on the periodic change of the volume of the sealing working space containing liquid, the energy is transferred to the liquid periodically, so that the liquid pressure increases to the liquid forced discharge, according to the form of movement of the working element can be divided into reciprocating pump and rotary pump.
(3) Other types of pumps transfer energy in other forms. For example, the jet pump relies on high-speed jet working fluid to transport the fluid into the pump after mixing, momentum exchange to transfer energy; Diaphragm pump uses part of the water flowing during braking to be raised to a certain height to transfer energy; Electromagnetic pump is to make the electric liquid metal flow under the action of electromagnetic force to achieve transportation. In addition, the pump can also be classified by the nature of the conveying liquid, driving method, structure, use, etc.
What is a pump? Here's some knowledge for you.